Composite metal work



Rammed Nov. 7, 1922,

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VE/l/TOH LIN! ffldt- 167240 0747 ATTOHIJEV$ Patented Nov. 7, 11922.

Lassen LAURENCE S. LACHMAN, OF NEW YORK, Y.

COMPOSITE METAL WORK.

Application filed February 8, 1918. Serial No. 215,979.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LAURENCE S. LAGH- MAN, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the countyof New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Composite Metal WVork, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to those forms of composite metal work in which oneelement consists of a base and the other of a rod or standard risingfrom the base and united therewith.

The object of my invention is to secure strength in the compositestructure particularly at the point of union as well as to attain easeand cheapness of manufacture and to permit the use, if desired, of theheating effects of a heavy electric current passed through the point ofdesired union to heat the parts to the desired degree of plasticity forsecuring, by the application of pressure, an integral or homogeneousjoint.

In carrying out my invention I employ as a base member apiece of metalpreferably in the form of a plate end for the projecting rod or stem Iuse a metal tube, the union being located on the side of said plateopposite that from which the tubular rod or stem projects, all as moreparticularly hereinafter described and then specified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical central section through a tubular rod and base asassembled preparatory to the formation of the welded joint.

Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the perforated base.

Fig. 3 is a vertical central section through a piece of metal work theelements of which are secured together according to my inven' tion.

1 indicates the base plate or element and 2 a tubular stem or rodprojecting from one side thereof as shown. Said rod is located orpositioned in a perforation in the plate 1 and the end thereof isintegrally or homogeneously united as will be presently de scribed witha flange 3 on the side of said plate opposite that from which the tubeor rod 2 projects to produce a joint such as il lustrated in Fig. 3formed of upset metal of the edges of the flange and the edge of thetube at its end. An annular shoulder or flange 4: formed on the rod 2engages the face or side of the plate opposite the flange so that ineffect the plate 1 is locked between said annular shoulder and theannular homogeneous union between the end of the tube and the flange 3.The flange 3 surrounds the openlng or perforation 5 in the plate 1, asshown, and maybe formed in a stamp press constructed to produce theannular depression from the bottom of which the flange 3 rises to aheight approximately the same as the face of the plate 1, although inpractice the edge of said flange might be located below the level ofsaid face preparatory to the operation of forming the union, or might infact rise slightly above the same. In any case it is preferable to soadjust the height of the edge of the flange that the finished union willlie below the level of the face of the plate 1- on the side on which theflange is formed.

In the stamping or forming operation the projection 7 will be naturallyformed on the opposite face of plate 1 although this is not necessary tomy invention. The annular shoulder 4 is preferably formed by the wellknown electrical forging operation which, by end pressure applied to theheated section of the rod, causes the same to swell out into the annularprotuberance 4. By this construction of the annular shoulder I avoid anyweakening of the wall of the tube 2 which would follow if the endthereof were turned down to produce a shoulder or offset for engagementwith the plate or base 1.

To secure the parts together when assembled in the relation Fig landthereby produce a joint of the construction shown in Fig. 3, a heatingelectric current and pressure in the axial line of the rod 2 may beapplied by suitable electrodes, one adapted to engage the edge of theflange and the end of the rod and the other .to grasp or engage the rod2 at the opposite side of the plate 1 so as to permit the heatingcurrent to be passed from one to the other through the flange and edgeor end of the tube 2. The heating and pressure results in an upsettingand welding or consolidating of the flange and tube with the substantialeffect of producing a homogeneous joint comprising an enlarged mass ofmetal approximating the form shown in Fig. 3. In this operation theannular groove or depression 6 serves to receive in part the upset metalso that there will be in the fin MED ished work no projecting materialbeyond the face of plate 1 opposite the face from which the stem or tube2 projects. What I claim as my invention is:

1. Composite metal work comprising a base having a flange projectingfrom one face thereof and parallel to the axes of a tube projecting fromthe side of the base opposite that from which the flange extends andfitted within said flange as in a sleeve, said tube and base beingjoined to one another by an enlargement. comprising upset metal of theedge of the tube and of the edge of the flange consolidated in ahomogeneous or integral whole.

2. Composite metal work comprising a base havin a perforation, a tubelocated in said perioration and projecting from one side of the base, aflange projecting from the opposite side of the base and bounding theperforation within which the tube is located as in asleeve, said basehaving an annular depression surrounding the flange and said flange andtube having their edges united in a homogeneous or integral whole as andfor the purpose described.

3. Composite metal work comprising a perforated base, a tube located insaid perforation and projecting from one side of the base, said basehaving a flange on its opposite surface surrounded by an annulardepression and projecting in a direction parallel with the axis of thetube and concentrically with and surrounding said tube, said tube andbase being joined in a metal joint comprising the free edges of theflange and tube united in a homogeneous or integral whole, the metal ofwhich is located below the face of the base plate opposite that fromwhich the tube projects.

4. Composite metal work comprising a perforated base provided with anannular flange on one of its sides surrounding said perforation and atubular stem provided with an annular shoulder and projecting from theopposite side of said base, said base and tube being fastenedtogether'by engagement of said annular shoulder with one side of thebase and on the other side of the base by an enlarged mass of metalcomprising metal of the end of the tube and the edge of the annularflange consolidated in a homogeneous or integral whole.

5. Composite metal work comprising a perforated base having or; one sidean annular depression surrounded by a flange bounding the perforationand a tube fitted within the flange and. projecting from the oppositeside of the base and engaging the base by a shoulder. said tube and basebeing united in a metal joint comprising metal of the edge of the flangeand the edge of the tube consolidated in a homogeneous or integralwhole, the metal of said joint being partially received in the annulardepression so that there will be no projecting metal beyond the surfaceof the base where the joint is located.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York this7th day of February-A. D. 1918.

LAURENCE S. LACHMAN.

Witnesses:

F. B. TOWNSEND, IRENE LEFKOWI'IZ.

